Transgressive is an infinite verbal form, which is used to shorten some temporal clauses. The criteria for the applicability of a transgressive are:
the subject of the connected temporal clauses must be identical
if the actions are simultaneous, than the "framing" one must be imperfective or habitual
if the actions are not simultanous, the earlier one must be perfective
Each transgressive has two forms:
for masculines singular
for other genders and for plural (called the "feminine" form)
The feminine transgressive is formed from the masculine with the suffix -e.
The reflexive pronoun iza/izu is prefixed to the transgressive as in the infinitive.
Imperfective
The imperfective transgressive expresses a simultaneous action.
If the stem ends in a vowel other than i/í or a consonant, -jjíc/-jjíce is added, eg. gojíc speaking, rabejíc - speaking, žačíc (from žakti) - eating
If the stem ends in -i or -í, it is replaced with -íc/-íce, eg. izuličíc (from izuličiti) - remembering, oľíc - building, spáríc - calling
Crpľajíc vzigoňí kručí čilek nej došlidl smúgvicerí saj. Reviewing the report the tax consultant found many errors.
Izuportlečíce mléňí pučka unej glídla mameré spáriňí. While concentrating on learning, the girl didn't hear the mother calling her.
Habitual
The habitual transgressive expresses a simultaneous action, with the added meaning of regularity, generall validity. It is formed with the suffix -vajíc, -vajíce in the -ti conjugation, -ajíc, -ajíce in the -kti/-hti conjugation. (the -k, -g, -h at the end of the stem is preserved).
Trkajíc i obrči žárijem. When I sit in the garden, I am happy.
Čávajíce robuhu izu zbruhaj. When she drinks coffee, she calms down.
Perfective
The perfective transgressive expresses a preceding action, which is, of course, seen in a perfective way as a single point in time. It is formed by adding the suffix -vši, -vše. (the -sti, -ci, -zi or -si from the infinitive is deleted).
Trvši i obrči nej vládlem. After I sat down in the garden, I fell asleep.
Čávše robuhu žubreknela nej rabij. After having drunk the coffee, she started working.